遺傳學(xué)研究室共有正式科研及技術(shù)人員9人,其中,正高級職稱2人,副高級職稱3人,中級職稱2人,初級職稱2人。在讀碩、博士研究生十余人。
多年來,課題組堅(jiān)持以科學(xué)問題為導(dǎo)向,長期扎根我國高發(fā)區(qū)人群與臨床一線,采用高規(guī)格研究設(shè)計(jì),基于社區(qū)人群、內(nèi)鏡門診與臨床患者建立多個(gè)食管癌專病隊(duì)列(中國隊(duì)列共享平臺:CCC2020010303,CCC2020010302,CCC2020010301,CCC202001090,總樣本量超過9萬人,最長隨訪15年,采集多種類、多時(shí)間斷面生物樣本50余萬人份),重點(diǎn)攻關(guān)我國“上消化道腫瘤的病因機(jī)制、精準(zhǔn)防治策略、人群與臨床大數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)化應(yīng)用等領(lǐng)域的關(guān)鍵瓶頸問題”,與多地政府及醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)合作建立研究合作聯(lián)盟與科研基地,開展了一系列創(chuàng)新性和引領(lǐng)性研究工作。率先建立了我國以食管癌為主的上消化道腫瘤精準(zhǔn)“防-診-治”與人群水平癌癥動態(tài)監(jiān)測的新模式,引領(lǐng)了相關(guān)領(lǐng)域的研究進(jìn)展,指出了我國癌癥精準(zhǔn)防治與監(jiān)測等工作的發(fā)展方向。
課題組先后承擔(dān)國家衛(wèi)生行業(yè)公益性科研專項(xiàng)、國家科技基礎(chǔ)資源調(diào)查重點(diǎn)專項(xiàng)、國家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃、國家自然科學(xué)基金重點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目和面上項(xiàng)目、973
計(jì)劃、863計(jì)劃、北京市自然科學(xué)基金重大項(xiàng)目和“京津冀”區(qū)域合作項(xiàng)目、北京市消化協(xié)同中心重點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目等縱向課題數(shù)十項(xiàng),總經(jīng)費(fèi)5000余萬元。累積發(fā)表高水平科研論文百余篇,在腫瘤學(xué)、胃腸病學(xué)、內(nèi)鏡學(xué)、流行病學(xué)、外科學(xué)和衛(wèi)生經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)等多個(gè)專業(yè)領(lǐng)域權(quán)威期刊發(fā)表系統(tǒng)性論著。同時(shí)申報(bào)和獲得發(fā)明專利4項(xiàng),獲批軟件著作權(quán)1項(xiàng),主編或參編學(xué)術(shù)專著5部。

一、開展食管癌病因?qū)W前瞻性人群隊(duì)列研究(AECCS研究)
我國食管癌高發(fā)區(qū)主要病因不清。課題組從1998年起致力于食管癌病因?qū)W研究,尤其關(guān)注人乳頭狀瘤病毒(HPV)感染與食管癌發(fā)生的關(guān)聯(lián),并于2006年在河南安陽農(nóng)村地區(qū)建立8000余人的前瞻性自然人群專病隊(duì)列(AECCS研究),進(jìn)行多斷面內(nèi)鏡隨訪及多部位生物學(xué)采樣,全面探索我國高發(fā)食管癌環(huán)境及遺傳致病因素。

Flowchart of the AECCS study
該研究采用自然人群抽樣設(shè)計(jì),選擇安陽下轄 4 縣 9
村所有符合研究入選標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的25-65歲常住居民作為研究對象。目前已完成隊(duì)列基線調(diào)查及第二、第三斷面內(nèi)鏡復(fù)查及相關(guān)流調(diào)。基線入組階段共8112人參與內(nèi)鏡檢查,內(nèi)鏡篩查的目標(biāo)人群覆蓋率超過75%,采血目標(biāo)人群覆蓋率高達(dá)85%,第二、第三斷面隨訪率均超過90%,確保了樣本連貫性與縱向數(shù)據(jù)分析的可靠性。截至目前,AECCS隊(duì)列共收集食管活檢組織、血清、血細(xì)胞、口腔、皮膚及外生殖器脫落細(xì)胞等各類生物標(biāo)本超過15萬份,流行病學(xué)問卷3萬份。構(gòu)建了完備的環(huán)境暴露、表型及遺傳信息庫。該隊(duì)列將為明確感染因素及其他遺傳、環(huán)境因素與食管癌之間因果關(guān)聯(lián)提供關(guān)鍵科學(xué)依據(jù)。
以AECCS隊(duì)列為基礎(chǔ),同步開展了一系列關(guān)注HPV與食管癌以及HPV自身基本生物學(xué)行為的應(yīng)用基礎(chǔ)研究。如開展兩項(xiàng)基于DNA及血清學(xué)指標(biāo)的病例對照研究初步闡明HPV感染與食管癌間關(guān)聯(lián);構(gòu)建口腔與外生殖器兩個(gè)子人群隊(duì)列,首次在國際學(xué)界報(bào)道我國自然人群口腔及生殖器HPV感染流行、自然史、傳播特征,為HPV相關(guān)疾病的防治工作提供了來自于人群的重要基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)。

Probability of HPV positivity at visits at month 6, 12, 18, or 24 by the level of type-specific HPV viral load at the first detection by SPF1/GP6+–mediated polymerase chain reaction and sequencing among men from rural China, 2009–2013.
二、開展國際首項(xiàng)“評價(jià)內(nèi)鏡篩查食管癌效果與衛(wèi)生經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)價(jià)值的人群隨機(jī)對照研究”(ESECC試驗(yàn);Clinicaltrials: NCT
01688908)
食管癌是我國高發(fā)腫瘤,通過碘染內(nèi)鏡進(jìn)行早期篩查是其防控的主要手段。然而,迄今尚無證明內(nèi)鏡篩查食管癌有效性和衛(wèi)生經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)價(jià)值的大規(guī)模人群隨機(jī)對照研究報(bào)道。

Flowchart of the Endoscopic Screening for Esophageal Cancer in China (ESECC) trial in rural Hua County, China
課題組以河南省滑縣為研究現(xiàn)場,于2012年啟動了國際范圍內(nèi)首個(gè)評價(jià)內(nèi)鏡篩檢食管癌效果與衛(wèi)生經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)價(jià)值的人群隨機(jī)對照研究。該研究在全縣域隨機(jī)選取
668個(gè)行政村,按人口加權(quán)后隨機(jī)分為篩檢組和對照組并納入目標(biāo)村45-69歲常住居民作為研究對象。篩檢組行標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的上消化道碘染內(nèi)鏡篩查,對照組不進(jìn)行篩查,兩組接受統(tǒng)一的流行病學(xué)調(diào)查、生物樣本采集、腫瘤發(fā)病和死亡事件隨訪。截至
2016年
9月,已完成全部對象的入組、隨機(jī)化及篩檢工作并進(jìn)入年度隨訪階段。未來將對篩檢組與隨機(jī)對照組間晚期食管癌發(fā)病率、死因別死亡率、全因死亡率及相關(guān)衛(wèi)生經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)指標(biāo)進(jìn)行比較性評估,為食管癌內(nèi)鏡早篩效果與衛(wèi)生經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)價(jià)值等一系列公共衛(wèi)生與臨床問題提供重要證據(jù)。

Fieldwork, computer-aided survey system, and field executive personnel of ESECC trial
三、基于人群篩查及臨床門診隊(duì)列,率先建立“基于個(gè)體化風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)測的食管癌精準(zhǔn)篩查新模式”
我國傳統(tǒng)的食管癌“全人群篩查模式”成本高、效果不佳且過度篩查帶來的附帶損害不容忽視?!熬珳?zhǔn)篩查”,即有效識別大眾人群中的高危群體并有針對性地開展梯度篩查及篩查后管理,是食管癌乃至整體惡性腫瘤防治工作發(fā)展的重要發(fā)展方向。
針對上述問題,課題組基于ESECC篩查隊(duì)列(1.5萬人)率先建立了符合我國人群特點(diǎn)的“食管惡性病變現(xiàn)患風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)測模型”與“食管癌前病變進(jìn)展風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)測模型”并提出相應(yīng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分級標(biāo)準(zhǔn),首次提出了“鏡下碘染異常特征”對食管病變進(jìn)展的重要指示作用,整體實(shí)現(xiàn)了食管癌人群篩查工作中“篩查前高危個(gè)體識別”與“篩查后個(gè)體化內(nèi)鏡監(jiān)測”。降低篩查成本的同時(shí),大幅提高了篩查的保護(hù)效果。
在此基礎(chǔ)上,基于多中心臨床門診隊(duì)列構(gòu)建首個(gè)適用于“臨床機(jī)會性篩查”的食管惡性病變現(xiàn)患風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)測模型和分級標(biāo)準(zhǔn),進(jìn)一步實(shí)現(xiàn)了“臨床機(jī)會性篩查”這一全新癌癥篩查模式中所必需的個(gè)體化風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評估與精準(zhǔn)轉(zhuǎn)診,為“機(jī)會性篩查”在我國的建立和推廣打下了堅(jiān)實(shí)基礎(chǔ)。
該系列工作對我國傳統(tǒng)粗放的食管癌篩查模式進(jìn)行了革新,研發(fā)的一整套風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評估工具與分級標(biāo)準(zhǔn)全面覆蓋食管病變發(fā)生和進(jìn)展的“全周期”以及人群篩查及臨床機(jī)會性篩查等“多場景”,初步構(gòu)建了具有我國自主知識產(chǎn)權(quán)的“食管癌精準(zhǔn)篩查新模式”的理論架構(gòu)和證據(jù)體系。

Framework (left) and risk stratification tools (middle) of precision screening for ESCC
Endoscopic images of unstained lesions in esophagus after iodine staining (right)
四、基于多中心真實(shí)世界患者隊(duì)列開展系列臨床研究,為食管鱗癌的“精準(zhǔn)治療”及“最優(yōu)治療”提供高規(guī)格證據(jù)
目前,食管鱗癌外科臨床診療領(lǐng)域存在若干關(guān)鍵問題亟待解決,包括如何實(shí)現(xiàn)根治術(shù)后生存的精準(zhǔn)化評估,如何實(shí)現(xiàn)個(gè)體化的術(shù)后輔助治療以使患者最大程度獲益,以及微創(chuàng)腔鏡手術(shù)相對于傳統(tǒng)開放手術(shù)效果及安全性如何?

Postoperative prognostic nomogram for patients with ESCC after esophagectomy

Survival curves after esophagectomy by risk groups for patients in the training and validation cohorts
針對上述問題,課題組采用多中心真實(shí)世界研究設(shè)計(jì),基于北方食管癌高發(fā)區(qū)及南方非高發(fā)區(qū)近6000例食管鱗癌根治術(shù)后患者多維度臨床大數(shù)據(jù)及長達(dá)10年以上的個(gè)體水平生存隨訪結(jié)果,系統(tǒng)開展臨床研究。成功構(gòu)建并驗(yàn)證了我國食管鱗癌患者根治術(shù)后總生存(OS)的個(gè)體化預(yù)測模型并提出了適宜的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分級標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。揭示“術(shù)后輔助治療策略與腫瘤N分期在患者預(yù)后方面的交互作用”,即僅N1及以上分期患者可從術(shù)后輔助治療中獲益;而對于N0期患者,術(shù)后輔助治療不僅無法改善其預(yù)后,甚至還會在一定程度上提高其死亡風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。
進(jìn)一步通過傾向性評分加權(quán),對腔鏡和開放食管切除術(shù)的短期與長期健康結(jié)局進(jìn)行比較。評估顯示,與開放術(shù)式相比,微創(chuàng)食管切除術(shù)明顯降低了術(shù)后并發(fā)癥風(fēng)險(xiǎn)及術(shù)后30/90天死亡率,同時(shí)與開放手術(shù)總生存相似,可作為食管癌根治術(shù)患者首選術(shù)式向臨床推薦。
上述研究為食管鱗癌外科領(lǐng)域若干關(guān)鍵臨床問題提供了高質(zhì)量的真實(shí)世界證據(jù),有助于我國食管鱗癌外科治療的個(gè)體化與精準(zhǔn)化發(fā)展,具有重要的臨床應(yīng)用與指導(dǎo)價(jià)值。

The crude (left) and overlap weighted (right) Kaplan-Meier survival curves after minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE) versus open esophagectomy (OE)

Forest plot of the association of MIE and all-cause mortality using different analytic methods
五、基于“醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)”、“死因監(jiān)測”等多來源健康相關(guān)大數(shù)據(jù)建立更高效的“癌癥發(fā)病、現(xiàn)患與生存監(jiān)測”新模式
準(zhǔn)確、實(shí)時(shí)的“發(fā)病、現(xiàn)患與生存監(jiān)測”對癌癥防治工作至關(guān)重要。我國現(xiàn)有的癌癥監(jiān)測以“建立監(jiān)測哨點(diǎn)并組織轄區(qū)內(nèi)定點(diǎn)醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)上報(bào)”為主要工作形式?!鞍l(fā)病”監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù)報(bào)告存在3年以上滯后期,且尚未建立對癌癥“現(xiàn)患”及“生存”的常規(guī)監(jiān)測模式。
課題組將“醫(yī)保報(bào)銷”與“死因監(jiān)測”大數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行有機(jī)整合,創(chuàng)新性地應(yīng)用于區(qū)域全人群水平的癌癥發(fā)病、現(xiàn)患與生存監(jiān)測工作。在我國南、北方兩個(gè)地區(qū)(總?cè)丝诔^700萬)開展實(shí)證性研究與評估,針對“基于大數(shù)據(jù)開展癌癥監(jiān)測的可行性與科學(xué)性”、“多來源大數(shù)據(jù)的質(zhì)控與對接”、“癌癥診斷的自動判讀與分類”、“癌癥新發(fā)病例識別”、“個(gè)體水平死亡事件的抓取與補(bǔ)充”等關(guān)鍵技術(shù)環(huán)節(jié)進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)攻關(guān),構(gòu)建了一整套數(shù)據(jù)脫敏、清洗、質(zhì)控、對接、判定、分析、報(bào)告的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)流程,建立了對癌癥發(fā)病率、現(xiàn)患率和患者生存率等指標(biāo)進(jìn)行動態(tài)監(jiān)測與報(bào)告的MIS-CASS(Medical-Insurance-System-based
Cancer Surveillance System)模式。
經(jīng)評估,該模式具有區(qū)域內(nèi)全人群覆蓋(>99%)、報(bào)告延遲短(≤6個(gè)月)、數(shù)據(jù)質(zhì)量高、運(yùn)維成本低等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。在信息化與大數(shù)據(jù)時(shí)代背景下,為我國癌癥等重大慢性疾病監(jiān)測工作的改革與發(fā)展提供了重要經(jīng)驗(yàn)和方向。


Incidence of 10 leading cancer sites by sex in Hua County and Shantou City, 2018

Age-specific 5-year prevalence for upper gastrointestinal cancers in Hua County, China, 2018

Age-specific 5-year prevalence for upper gastrointestinal cancers in Hua County, China, 2018
近五年代表性論文(2017-2022):
1. He Zhonghu#, Liu Zhen#, Liu Mengfei#, et al, Cai Hong*, Ke Yang*. Efficacy of endoscopic screening for esophageal cancer in China (ESECC): design and preliminary results of a population-based randomised controlled trial. Gut 2019;68(2):198-206.
2. Liu Mengfei#, Zhou Ren#, Liu Zhen# , et al, He Zhonghu*, Ke Yang*. Update and validation of a diagnostic model to identify prevalent malignant lesions in esophagus in general population. EClinicalMedicine. 2022;47:101394.
3. Yang Wenlei#, Liu Fangfang#, Xu Ruiping#, Yang Wei#, He Yu#, Liu Zhen#, Zhou Fuyou#, et al, He Zhonghu*, Ke Yang*. Is adjuvant therapy a better option for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients treated with esophagectomy? A prognosis prediction model based on multicenter real-world data. Ann Surg 2021. Epub ahead.
4. Liu Fangfang#, Yang Wenlei#, Yang Wei#, Xu Ruiping#, Chen Lei#, He Yu#, Liu Zhen# , Zhou Fuyou#, et al, He Zhonghu*, Ke Yang*. Minimally Invasive or Open Esophagectomy for Treatment of Resectable Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma? Answer from a Real-World Multicenter Study. Ann Surg 2021. Epub ahead.
5. Liu Mengfei#, Liu Zhen#, Liu Fangfang#, et al, He Zhonghu*, Ke Yang*. Absence of iodine staining associates with progression of esophageal lesions in a prospective endoscopic surveillance study in China. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2020;18(7):1626-35.
6. Li Jingjing#, Xu Ruiping#, Liu Mengfei#, et al, He Zhonghu*, Ke Yang*. Lugol chromoendoscopy detects esophageal dysplasia with low levels of sensitivity in a high-risk region of China. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2018;16(10):1585-92.
7. Liu Mengfei#, Liu Zhen#, Cai Hong, et al, He Zhonghu*, Ke Yang*. A model to identify individuals at high risk for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and precancerous lesions in regions of high prevalence in China. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2017;15(10):1538-46.
8. Wang Minmin#, Liu Fangfang#, Pan Yaqi#, et al, He Zhonghu*, Ke Yang*. Tumor-associated autoantibodies in ESCC screening: Detecting prevalent early-stage malignancy or predicting future cancer risk? EBioMedicine. 2021;73:103674.
9. Liu Mengfei#, Zhou Ren#, Guo Chuanhai, et al, Weiss Noel S*, He Zhonghu*, Ke Yang*. Size of Lugol-unstained lesions as a predictor for risk of progression in premalignant lesions of the esophagus. Gastrointest Endosc 2021;93(5):1065-73.
10. Liu Zhen#, Guo Chuanhai#, He Yujie#, Chen Yun#, Ji Ping#, Fang Zhengyu#, et al, He Zhonghu*, Ke Yang*. A clinical model predicting the risk of esophageal high-grade lesions in opportunistic screening: a multicenter real-world study in China. Gastrointest Endosc 2020;91(6):1253-60.
11. Liu Mengfei#, Liu Ying#, Zhou Ren#, et al, He Zhonghu*, Ke Yang*. Absence of NOTCH1 mutation and presence of CDKN2A deletion predict progression of esophageal lesions. J Pathol. 2022. Epub ahead.
12. Liu Mengfei#, He Zhonghu#, Guo Chuanhai, et al, Weiss Noel S*, Cai Hong*, Ke Yang*. Effectiveness of intensive endoscopic screening for esophageal cancer in China: a community-based study. Am J Epidemiol 2019;188(4):776-84.
13. Shi Chao#, Liu Mengfei#, Liu Zhen, et al, He Zhonghu*, Ke Yang*. Using health insurance reimbursement data to identify incident cancer cases. J Clin Epidemiol 2019; 114:141-9.
14. He Zhonghu, Ke Yang*. Precision screening for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in China. Chin J Cancer Res 2020; 32:673-82.
15. Liu Fangfang#, Liu Mengfei#, Liu Ying#, et al, Cai Hong*, dos-Santos-Silva Isabel*, He Zhonghu*, Ke Yang*. Oral microbiome and risk of malignant esophageal lesions in a high-risk area of China: a nested case-control study. Chin J Cancer Res 2020; 32:742-54.
16. Li Fuxiao#, Li Xiang#, Guo Chuanhai, et al, He Zhonghu*, Ke Yang*. Estimation of cost for endoscopic screening for esophageal cancer in a high-risk population in rural China: results from a population-level randomized controlled trial. Pharmacoeconomics 2019;37(6):819-27.
17. Yuan Wenqing#, Liu Zhen#, Wang Yu, et al, Ke Yang*. Clonal evolution of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma from normal mucosa to primary tumor and metastases. Carcinogenesis 2019;40(12):1445-51.
18. Wang Minmin#, Liu Mengfei#, Li Fenglei, et al, He Zhonghu*, Ke Yang*. Gender heterogeneity in dyslipidemia prevalence, trends with age and associated factors in middle age rural Chinese. Lipids Health Dis 2020;19(1):135.
19. Wang Hui#, Cao Changqi#, Guo Chuanhai, et al, He Zhonghu*, Ke Yang*. An evaluation of EQ-5D-3L health utility scores using five country-specific tariffs in a rural population aged 45-69?years in Hua county, Henan province, China. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2020;18(1):228.
20. Li Xiang, Cai Hong, Wang Chaoyi, et al, He Zhonghu*, Ke Yang*. Economic burden of gastrointestinal cancer under the protection of the New Rural Cooperative Medical Scheme in a region of rural China with high incidence of oesophageal cancer: cross-sectional survey. Trop Med Int Health 2016;21(7):907-16.
21. Tian Hongrui, Hu Yanjun, Li Qingxiang, et al, dos-Santos-Silva Isabel*, He Zhonghu*, Ke Yang*. Estimating cancer survival and prevalence with the Medical-Insurance-System-based Cancer Surveillance System (MIS-CASS): an empirical study in China. EClinicalMedicine 2021; 33:100756.
22. Tian Hongrui#, Yang Wei#, Hu Yanjun#, Liu Zhen#, et al, He Zhonghu*, Ke Yang*. Estimating cancer incidence based on claims data from medical insurance systems in two areas lacking cancer registries in China. EClinicalMedicine 2020; 20:100312.
23. Liu Mengfei#, Liu Fangfang#, Pan Yaqi#, He Zhonghu#, et al, Ke Yang*. Viral load in the natural history of human papillomavirus infection among men in rural China: a population-based prospective study. Clin Infect Dis 2018;67(12):1861-7.
